Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae): evaluación nutricional y clínica en modelos animales y correspondencia con investigaciones en humanos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/qkrcs.v5i2.3495Resumen
Moringa oleifera es una especie vegetal que pertenece a la familia Moringaceae. Durante cientos de años, poblaciones de diferentes países han considerado que posee propiedades medicinales y nutritivas. Recientemente se le ha prestado atención en países tropicales y subtropicales de Europa del Este, América Latina, el Caribe y Asia, y se ha ganado un lugar en la industria de suplementos, ingredientes funcionales y en la fortificación de alimentos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue relacionar los hallazgos bioquímicos y fisiológicos determinados en modelos experimentales animales y los que se han logrado demostrar en humanos en los mismos aspectos, mediante el empleo de M. oleifera; con un llamado de atención a aquellas similitudes y diferencias entre el modelo animal y el prototipo humano. Los efectos beneficiosos de M. oleifera vinculados al tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus, dislipidemias y anemia se han asociado en gran medida al contenido y variedad de sustancias antioxidantes que posee y que complementan su valor en nutrientes. Esta revisión enfatiza en la necesidad de desarrollar experimentos controlados en humanos para estudiar el papel de los principios activos de M. oleifera en nutrición y clínica para establecer las formas idóneas de suministrar la planta y dosis óptimas que permitan lograr los efectos deseados, de manera que resulte aceptable al paladar y sea una solución sostenible en el tratamiento de estas enfermedades.
Palabras clave: Moringa oleífera, modelos experimentales, antioxidantes, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemias, anemia.
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