La economía de la delincuencia: una revisión de la literatura teórica y empírica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/ecasinergia.v16i1.6871Palavras-chave:
Economía de la delincuencia, modelo económico del crimen, determinantes de la delincuenciaResumo
Este artículo revisa la evolución del Modelo Económico de la Delincuencia desde los trabajos seminales de Gary Becker (1968) e Isaac Ehrlich (1973) hasta los desarrollos contemporáneos. Mediante un análisis bibliográfico sistemático, que incluyó la definición del problema, la búsqueda, organización y evaluación de literatura relevante, se identificaron transformaciones clave en el modelo. Inicialmente centrado en la teoría de la elección racional, el enfoque ha incorporado progresivamente variables socioeconómicas y demográficas mediante un marco de mercado basado en interacciones individuales. Los principales determinantes de la delincuencia, como el desempleo, la pobreza, la desigualdad, la educación, y las actividades ilegales, muestran comportamientos ambiguos debido a la endogeneidad. Estos resultados reflejan la complejidad del fenómeno delictivo y resaltan vacíos persistentes en la agenda de investigación económica, lo que subraya la necesidad de estudios complementarios y enfoques interdisciplinarios para comprender y abordar esta problemática.
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