Pharmacological and environmental interventions in the control of myopia: a review of scientific literature

Authors

Zulma Samara Santos Rueda Universidad El Bosque, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y de la Salud, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
Danna Isabella García Salas Universidad El Bosque, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y de la Salud, Bogotá D.C., Colombia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33936/qkrcs.v6i2.4669

Keywords:

miopía, hábitos, atropina, farmacología, eficacia

Abstract

Within the areas of visual health, myopia is recognized as a public health problem, being a risk factor for serious eye conditions such as retinal tears, breaks or detachments or keratoconus. The purpose of managing myopia is to limit its progression, using ophthalmic correction with glasses and contact lenses, orthokeratology, pharmacological management and behavioral changes in outdoor visual habits. In any of the intervention methods, a decrease in changes in axial length and a decrease in dioptric progression of patients compared to untreated myopic patients is observed. This has been demonstrated by public scientific meta-analyses taken as reference with the purpose of showing the theoretical advances and unifying knowledge focused on clinical practice. It is recognized that the most effective interventions have been pharmacological, also presenting a limitation in the risk of developing pathological myopia in a three-year treatment regimen and taking into account behavioral changes in myopic patients, such as outdoor activities as prophylactic treatment.

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