Liderazgo en el abastecimiento de vacunas: segmentación y vivencias que afronta Latinoamérica en el contexto de la COVID-19

Abstract

A qualitative, non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study applied to discourse analysis was carried out, with the aim of being able to analyze the leadership mechanisms in the supply of vaccines of the health services that make up the countries of Latin America in the context of the COVID-19. The methodology used was comparative bibliography, with a delimitation of criteria based on the search for articles with a period of 5 years of updating in specialized health databases from July 10 to 19, 2022. The relevant articles were collected with the reference manager Mendeley, forming a personal virtual library according to the subject of study. Due to the documentary silence on the subject in question, original primary sources, redefinition of keywords, complementary searches and consultations with experts on the subject were used. The contribution of this study lies in demonstrating how the leadership mechanisms used in the health sector limited the correct supply of vaccines during the pandemic in Latin American countries. The results reflect that Colombia, Ecuador and Peru obtained almost all the available vaccines, the predominant form of acquisition was through bilateral agreements and agreements with producing countries. Argentina represented 90.24% of doses applied with coverage of 82.36% respectively. It is concluded that the leadership used in the supply of vaccines was deficient. Haiti turned out to be the country with the fewest vaccinations, due to the rejection of the government for not considering them safe, which accelerates the level of contagion and prevents greater coverage in the analyzed population.