Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and inducible resistance to clindamycin in patients from a Public Hospital in Ecuador

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is the cause of most nosocomial and community-acquired staphylococcus infections in humans. The current resistance of various microorganisms to antimicrobials constitutes a major health problem worldwide, where the excessive use of antibiotics has increased. selective pressure on bacteria, which has led to the emergence of drug resistance. In S. aureus. Resistance to methicillin (MRSA), which is a narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic from the penicillin group, is the most common mechanism acquired by this bacteria and increases the risk of acquiring soft tissue and skin infections. Another common and important resistance mechanism is towards macrolides (erythomycin), lincosamides (clindamycin) and streptogramins B or (MLSB) that have similar mechanisms and sites of action. With the purpose of evaluating the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and inducible resistance to clindamycin in patients treated at the Portoviejo General Hospital, this retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive and observational investigation was carried out based on the collection of anonymized data. of which 57 (48.39%) bacteria showed resistance. A methicillin resistance profile of 21.18% was obtained, which was higher compared to the resistance to clindamycin with 11.1%, in addition, the considerable presence of both mechanisms was observed, present simultaneously and which is important from the point of view of clinically with 16.1%. The gender with the highest frequency of S. aureus isolates with resistance mechanisms was male with 80.7% and the average age was 46-60 years; Most of them came from injuries with 52.6% and from the Emergency area.

Keywords: Staphylococcus, resistance, antibiotic, methicillin, MLSB