Smart tourist destinations, more than technology: situation in Latin America
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/ecasinergia.v15i2.6071Keywords:
Personal services, information and internet services, managementAbstract
During the last decades, terms such as smart city, smart destination and smart tourism began to be used as the role of technology and innovation became more important in all spheres of society. This research aims to explore the distinctive aspects of the smart destination as a new context for tourist experiences, focusing on its development in Latin America. A systematic review was carried out focused on the main databases of open access scientific journals (Scopus, Science Direct, Ebsco, SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet, and the Google Scholar search engine), to obtain articles published since 2019, referring to countries in the region. It was possible to detail the limitations and advances of the cities considered in 22 articles, corresponding to Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, Mexico and Paraguay. Likewise, the process followed by the six cities that are currently certified as smart tourist destinations was described, according to the model of the State Society for Tourism Innovation and Technology Management, S.A. (Spain), made up of five axes: governance, innovation, technology, sustainability and accessibility. It is concluded that the concepts associated with the term intelligent share common elements in their approach to using technology and information to improve the quality of life of residents and visitors, as well as to optimize resource management and the tourist experience; therefore, the practice of smart tourism must begin to be implemented to improve the tourist experience and start the development towards a smart destination.
Downloads
References
Barbosa de Freitas, H., Mendes, L. (2021) Smart tourism destination initiatives in the city of Natal-RN: A
qualitative approach. Smart Tourism 2021, 2(1), 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.54517/st.v2i1.1721
Barijhó, M. L. y Sutty Segovia, H. I. (2021). La ciudad de Hernandarias y el Complejo Turístico de Itaipú
Binacional como destinos turísticos inteligentes. Revista científica en ciencias sociales, 3(2), 69-79.
Boes, K., Buhalis, D. y Inversini, A. (2015). Conceptualising Smart Tourism Destination Dimensions. In: Tussyadiah, I., Inversini, A. (eds) Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2015. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14343-9_29
Boes, K., Buhalis, D., y Inversini, A. (2016). Smart tourism destinations: ecosystems for tourism destination competitiveness. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 2(2), 108-124.
Brandão, M., Joia, J., Canto, G., Mayer, V. (2021). Smart Tourism Destinations: (Mis)Aligning Touristic Destinations and Smart City Initiatives. Brazilian Administration Review, 18(1), 503-536. https://doi. org/10.1590/1807-7692bar2021190132
Buhalis, D., y Amaranggana, A. (2015). Smart Tourism Destinations Enhancing Tourism Experience Through Personalisation of Services. En Tussyadiah, I., & Inversini, A. (eds.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2015, Cham, Springer, 377-389.
Carballido, A., y Guevara-Plaza, A (2021). El concepto de smart destination en la investigación turística. Revisión sistemática de la literatura para su definición y normalización. Cuadernos de Turismo, (48), 301-323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/turismo.492781
Castro, K., Salgado, E., & Alfonso, Y. (2020). Propuesta de un modelo de gestión de destino turístico inteligente (DTI) para la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Convergence Tech, 2(II), 97–123. https://doi.org/10.53592/ convtech.v2iII.19
Del Vecchio, P. (2017). Creating value from Social Big Data: Implications for Smart Tourism Destinations.
Information Processing & Management, 0-1, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2017.10.006
Femenia-Serra, F. y Neuhofer, B. (2018). Smart tourism experiences: conceptualisation, key dimensions and research agenda. Investigaciones Regionales - Journal of Regional Research, (42), 129-150.
Giffinger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H. y Meijers, E. (2007). Smart cities Ranking of European medium-sized cities.
Centre of Regional Science, Vienna University of Technology.
Gretzel,U.yJamal,T.(2009).Conceptualizingthecreativetouristclass:technology,mobility,andtourismexperiences.
Tourism Analysis, 14(4), 471-481, http://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354209X12596287114219
Gretzel, U., Sigala, M., Xiang, Z., y Koo, C. (2015): Smart tourism: foundations anddevelopments. Electronic
Markets, 25(3), 179-188. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-015-0196-8
Herrero Crespo, Á., San Martín Gutiérrez, H., y García de los Salmones Sánchez, M. D. (2019). Servicios “Smart” y valor de los destinos turísticos inteligentes: análisis desde la perspectiva de los residentes. Investigaciones Regionales - Journal of Regional Research, (45), 77-91.
Harrison, C., Eckman, B., Hamilton, R., Hartswick, P., Kalagnanam, J., Paraszczak, J. y Williams, P. (2010).
Foundations for Smarter Cities», IBM Journal of Research and Development, 54 (4), pp. 1-16.
Hosteltur (2023). Segittur acredita el sexto destino turístico inteligente en América. (2023) HOSTELTUR: https://
www.hosteltur.com/158380_segittur-acredita-el-sexto-destino-turistico-inteligente-en-america.html
Ivars-Baidal, J. A., Celdrán-Bernabeu, M. A., Mazón, J.-N., & Perles-Ivars, Á. F. (2017). Smart destinations and the evolution of ICTs: a new scenario for destination management? Current Issues in Tourism, In press (October), 1-20, http://doi.org/10.1080/1368 3500.2017.1388771
Jovicic, D. Z. (2017). From the traditional understanding of tourism destination to thesmart tourism destination.
Current Issues in Tourism. http://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1313203
Linares Morales, J., & Cohen Granados, J. (2022). Turismo inteligente y cultura de innovación en empresas hoteleras de Santa Marta, Colombia. SUMMA. Revista Disciplinaria en Ciencias económicas y Sociales,
(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.47666/summa.4.1.12
Lojano Chapa, P. M., Benenaula Lojano, J. F., & Gómez Ceballos, G. P. (2023). Tecnología e innovación en destinos turísticos inteligentes. Caso Cuenca, Ecuador. PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural,
(1), 195–212. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2023.21.013
Torres Jara, G. N., Ortiz Zurita, M. J., Delgado Campuzano, D., & Bastidas Aráuz, M. B. (2021). Análisis del turismo inteligente en la ciudad de Guayaquil. ConcienciaDigital, 4(1.2), 316-337. https://doi.org/10.33262/ concienciadigital.v4i1.2.1599
Miskalo da Cruz, M., Gonçalves Gândara, J. M., Dias Paixão, D. L., & da Cunha Molteni, A. (2020). Curitiba (Brasil) ¿un destino turístico inteligente? Análisis de la percepción de los miembros del Concejo Municipal de Turismo (COMTUR). Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo, 29(2), 450-471.
Molina, C., Espín, J., Tapia, J., Quiñónez, M. (2020). Sociedades inteligentes, ciudades y destinos turísticos. Una mirada al cantón de Latacunga, Ecuador. Dominio de las Ciencias, 6(3), 23-47.
Nazar D., Araújo, H., Ruas, R. (2021). Destinos turísticos inteligentes (DTI): a visão de atores chaves do turismo em Brasília (DF, Brasil). Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 36 (1), 451-464.
Neuhofer, B., Buhalis, D., & Ladkin, A. (2012). Conceptualising technology enhanced destination experiences. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 1(1-2), 36-46, http://doi.org/10.1016/j. jdmm.2012.08.001
Organización Mundial del Turismo (OMT). (2019a). Definiciones de turismo de la OMT. OMT. https://doi.
org/10.18111/9789284420858
Organización Mundial del Turismo (OMT). (2019b). Directrices de la OMT para el fortalecimiento de las organizaciones de gestión de destinos (OGD) –Preparando las OGD de cara a nuevos retos. OMT. https:// doi.org/10.18111/9789284420933
Piñón, M., Castillejos, B. (2019), Huatulco desde la perspectiva de los destinos inteligentes. Anuario Turismo y
Sociedad, 25, 73-92.
Ribeiro dos Santos, S. (2022). Espacios urbanos de desplazamiento en ciudades brasileñas denominadas Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad por UNESCO bajo el concepto de destino turístico inteligente. Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 20 (2), 371-387.
Sansón Rosas, J. F., & Díaz Soto, C. M. (2022). Análisis del proceso de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C (Colombia) hacia la consolidación como destino turístico inteligente desde el eje de la accesibilidad. International Conference on Applied Business & Management, 326–341.
Santos, S., Gândara, J. (2019). Experiência Turística em Destino Histórico no Nordeste Brasileiro sob o Viés de
Destino Turístico Inteligente. Rosa dos Ventos, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.18226/21789061.v11i2p435
Santos, S. R. dos; Gândara, J. M. G.; Leite, A. R. L.; Souza, A. G. de (2019), Smart destination and the tourist experience: case of a cultural and heritage destination in the northeast of Brazil. Marketing & Tourism Review, 4 (2).
SEGITTUR (2015). Informe destinos turísticos inteligentes: construyendo el futuro. SEGITTUR. https://www. segittur.es/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Libro-Blanco-Destinos-Tursticos-Inteligentes.pdf
SEGITTUR. (2022). El BID apoyará a diez destinos de América Latina y Caribe a acelerar el uso y aplicaciones de tecnologías. (2023) https://www.segittur.es/blog/tecnologia-e-innovacion/el-bid-apoyara-a-diez-destinos- de-america-latina-y-caribe-a-acelerar-el-uso-y-aplicacion-de-tecnologias/
Wang, D., Xiang, Z., y Fesenmaier, D. R. (2014). Adapting to the mobile world: A model ofsmartphone use.
Annals of Tourism Research, 48, 11-26, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.an-nals.2014.04.008
Wang, D., Li, X. R., y Li, Y. (2013), China’s “smart tourism destination” initiative: A taste ofthe service- dominant logic. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(2), 59-61, http://doi.org/10.1016/j. tourman.2015.12.003
Xiang, Z., y Fesenmaier, D. R. (2017). Big Data Analytics, Tourism Design and SmartTourism. En Xiang, Z., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (eds.), Analytics in Smart Tourism Design, Springer, 299-307.
Zhang, L., Li, N., y Liu, M. (2012). On the basic concept of smarter tourism and its theoretical system. Tourism
Tribune, 27(5), 66–73.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Olga Morelba Bravo Acosta
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
