Prevalencia y factores asociados a ideación suicida en estudiantes de medicina: una revisión de alcance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/qkrcs.v8i1.6475Resumen
La ideación suicida entre estudiantes de medicina es un tema crítico que requiere atención especializada. Similar importancia genera entender los factores personales, académicos y sociales asociados a ideación suicida. El objetivo fue explorar la evidencia disponible sobre la prevalencia y factores asociados a ideación suicida en estudiantes de medicina a nivel mundial. Se usaron bases de datos: PubMed, Springer, Dialnet Plus, Scopus, Science Direct, Académica Plus, Medline, ERIC, MedicLatina, Redalyc, Scielo y Google Scholar, utilizando términos extraídos de los DECS. La selección de evidencia se dividió en dos etapas: la primera evaluó la idoneidad de los registros y la segunda consistió en una revisión independiente a texto completo. Bajo la metodología de Joanna Briggs se seleccionó 18 investigaciones. La prevalencia reportada de ideas suicidas fue 7,1 % y pensamientos suicidas 17 %. Ser mujer, entorno familiar con problemas, bajo rendimiento académico, primeros años de carrera, ansiedad y depresión, fumar y beber alcohol fueron los factores asociados a ideación suicida. Se concluyó que factores personales, académicos, hábitos perniciosos y de salud mental están asociados con ideación suicida y pensamientos suicidas en jóvenes universitarios. Por ello, es necesario la detección temprana y apoyar a grupos vulnerables, a través, de estrategias preventivas y de apoyo emocional en entornos académicos.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Jazmín Beatriz Anzules Guerra, Ronald Alexander Murillo Ponce
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
