stress, emotional regulation difficulties and school adaptation in adolescents aspiring to higher education in Ecuador

Authors

  • Gabriela Jarrín Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, sede Ambato
  • Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33936/rehuso.v9i1.5772

Keywords:

Emotional dysregulation, academic stress, school adjustment, gender, relationship

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the presence, gender differences, and correlations between stress, emotional regulation difficulties, and school adjustment in a sample of adolescents aspiring to higher education in Ecuador. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, comparative by gender, correlational and cross-sectional approach. Participants: 375 adolescents, 69.3% correspond to women and 31.7% to men, who are originally from the 24 provinces of Ecuador, with a mean age of M= 17.85 years and SD= 0.73. Results: The participants experienced high levels of emotional regulation difficulties and moderate levels of stress and school adjustment. There are significant differences (p< .05) in the stress and school adjustment results according to gender, with a greater presence in adolescents. The variables show moderate and significant correlations (p< .01). Conclusions: Adolescents who perceive entering college as a stressful event and experience difficulties regulating their emotions may have trouble adjusting to college.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Álvarez-Silva, L. A., Gallegos-Luna, R. M., & Herrera-López, P. S. (2018). Estrés académico en estudiantes de tecnología superior. Universitas-XXI, Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, (28), 193-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.17163/uni.n28.2018.10

Ato, M., López-García, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología/Annals of Psychology, 29(3), 1038-1059. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.178511

Baker, R. W., & Siryk, B. (1989). Student adaptation to college questionnaire. In Program of the Seventy-Fourth Annual Meeting. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/t06525-000

Barraza-Macias, A. (2018). Inventario Sisco SV-21. Inventario SIStémico COgnoscitivista para el estudio del estrés académico. ECORFAN. México. https://bit.ly/3W6waLX

Benarous, X., & Mazet, P. (2020). Trastornos psíquicos en la adolescencia. EMC-Tratado de Medicina, 24(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1636-5410(20)43347-1

Cage, E., Jones, E., Ryan, G., Hughes, G., & Spanner, L. (2021). Student mental health and transitions into, through and out of university: student and staff perspectives. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 45(8), 1076-1089. https://bit.ly/3MvWuf9

Camacho, C. R., & Barraza-Macías, A. (2020). Validación del Inventario SISCO SV-21 en estudiantes universitarios españoles. Centro de Estudios Clínica e Investigación Psicoanalítica SC. https://bit.ly/3MsSFHH

Caqueo-Urízar, A., Mena-Chamorro, P., Flores, J., Narea, M., & Irarrázaval, M. (2020). Problemas de regulación emocional y salud mental en adolescentes del norte de Chile. Terapia psicológica, 38(2), 203-222. https://bit.ly/3o9F3Ys

Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior, 385-396. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136404

Conley, C. S., Shapiro, J. B., Huguenel, B. M., & Kirsch, A. C. (2020). Navigating the college years: Developmental trajectories and gender differences in psychological functioning, cognitive-affective strategies, and social well-being. Emerging Adulthood, 8(2), 103-117. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696818791603

Delgado, B., Aparisi, D., León Antón, M. J., & Gomis Selva, N. (2019). La adaptación a la universidad y su relación con factores psicoemocionales y sociales. En R. Roig-Vila (Ed.), Investigación e innovación en la Enseñanza Superior. Nuevos contextos, nuevas ideas (pp. 124-131). Octaedro. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/98875

Dominguez-Lara, S., & Prada-Chapoñan, R. E. (2020). Adaptación universitaria en estudiantes peruanos de ciencias de la salud. Diferencias por sexo y grupo etario. Archivos de Medicina (Col), 20(2), 410-417. https://bit.ly/3Ic3s6H

Dominguez-Lara, S., Prada-Chapoñan, R., & Gravini-Donado, M. (2021). Estructura interna del Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) en universitarios de primer año. Educación médica, 22, 335-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edumed.2019.06.004

Feldt, R. C., Graham, M., & Dew, D. (2011). Measuring adjustment to college: Construct validity of the student adaptation to college questionnaire. Measurement and evaluation in counseling and development, 44(2), 92-104. https://bit.ly/3M8GnTu

Fennie, T., Mayman, Y., van Louw, C., Useh, E., & Kombora, M. (2020). Psychosocial factors impacting the college adjustment of undergraduate students: A scoping review. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 30(2), 96-105. https://bit.ly/3pOph5I

Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment, 26(1), 41-54. https://bit.ly/41GLGiI

Guzmán, P., Cifuentes Gomez, G., & Santelices, M. V. (2021). Secondary students’ expectations on transition to higher education. Educational Research, 63(2), 164-179. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2021.1915173

Hervás, G., & Jódar, R. (2008). Adaptación al castellano de la Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional. Clínica y salud, 19(2), 139-156. https://bit.ly/3OlfQoV

Hope, J. (2017). ‘Cutting rough diamonds’: The transition experiences of first-generation students in higher education. In Higher education transitions (pp. 85-100). Routledge.

IBM Corp. (2012). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.

Kim, I., Kim, W. S., & Bae, S. C. (2018). Effects of Adolescents' Academic Stress on School Life Adjustment: Focusing on Mediator Effect of Resilience. Medico-Legal Update, 18(1). DOI: 10.5958/0974-1283.2018.00060.9

Larzabal-Fernandez, A., Pilco, K., Moreta-Herrera, R., & Rodas, J. A. (2023). Psychometric Properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in a Sample of Adolescents from Ecuador. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 1-10. https://bit.ly/3Mzdfq5

Larzabal-Fernandez, A., & Ramos-Noboa, M. I. (2019). Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS-14) en estudiantes de bachillerato de la provincia de Tungurahua (Ecuador). Ajayu Órgano de Difusión Científica del Departamento de Psicología UCBSP, 17(2), 269-282. https://bit.ly/3nZ5Err

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer publishing company.

Lim, J. R., Han, Y. K., & Kim, H. H. (2020). Relationship between Academic Stress, University Life Adaptation and Health Promotion Behaviors in Health College Students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 21(1), 308-316. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2020.21.1.308

Mayya, S. S., Mayya, A., Martis, M., & Lakshmi, R. V. (2022). Academic stress and associated sociodemographic variables: A study of pre-university students in Karnataka, India. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 11(1), 230. https://bit.ly/3IfH64a

Merlino, A., & Ayllón, S. (2012). Experiencias en investigación educativa: deserción, regulación emocional y representaciones en estudiantes universitarios. Editorial Brujas.

Miranda-Molina, R. (2022). Brechas y desniveles: el problema representado en las iniciativas de “nivelación” en la Educación Superior Latinoamericana. Revista de estudios y experiencias en educación, 21(46), 292-311. https://bit.ly/41C7OLj

Money, J., Nixon, S., & Graham, L. (2020). Do educational experiences in school prepare students for university? A teachers’ perspective. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 44(4), 554-567. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2019.1595547

Moreta-Herrera, R., Bassante, C., Bonilla-Yucailla, D., Salinas-Palma, A., Paredes-Proaño, A., & Dominguez-Lara, S. (2023). Influence of attitudes and alcohol consumption on tobacco use among university students in Ecuador: an explanatory model with SEM. Health and Addictions= Salud y drogas, 2023, vol. 23, núm. 1, p. 249-262. https://bit.ly/3OaJFZ7

Moreta-Herrera, R., Dominguez-Lara, S., Rodas, J. A., Sánchez-Guevara, S., Montes-De-Oca, C., Rojeab-Bravo, B., & Salinas-Palma, A. (2022). Examining Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire in an Ecuadorian Sample. Psychological Thought, 2022, vol. 15, núm. 2, p. 57-74. https://bit.ly/42VI39E

Moya-Solís, A., & Moreta-Herrera, R. (2022). Víctimas de cyberbullying y su influencia en las Dificultades de Regulación Emocional en adolescentes del Ecuador. Psychology, Education and Society, 2022, vol. 14, núm. 1, p. 67-75. https://bit.ly/41GvspJ

Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2021). Salud mental del adolescente. https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health

Park, C. L., Edmondson, D., & Lee, J. (2012). Development of self-regulation abilities as predictors of psychological adjustment across the first year of college. Journal of Adult Development, 19, 40-49. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1007/s10804-011-9133-z

Páramo, M. F., Araújo, A. M., Tinajero-Vacas, C., Almeida, L. S., & Rodríguez-González, M. S. (2017). Predictors of students’ adjustment during the transition to university in Spain. Psicothema, 29(1), http://dx.doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2016.40

Parmentier, M., Dangoisse, F., Zacher, H., Pirsoul, T., & Nils, F. (2021). Anticipatory emotions at the prospect of the transition to higher education: A latent transition analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 125, 103543. https://bit.ly/3OfRmgx

Pascoe, M. C., Hetrick, S. E., & Parker, A. G. (2020). The impact of stress on students in secondary school and higher education. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 104-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2019.1596823

Pinto, A. D. A., Claumann, G. S., Medeiros, P. D., Barbosa, R. M. D. S. P., Nahas, M. V., & Pelegrini, A. (2017). Association between perceived stress in adolescence, body weight and romantic relationships. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 35, 422-428. https://bit.ly/453jJoe

Remor, E. (2006). Psychometric properties of a European Spanish version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The Spanish journal of psychology, 9(1), 86-93. https://bit.ly/3BuygeX

Reivan-Ortiz, G. G., Ortiz Rodas, P. E., & Reivan Ortiz, P. N. (2020). A brief version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS): Validity evidence in Ecuadorian population. International Journal of Psychological Research, 13(2), 14-24. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.4325

Romito, M., Pilutti, S., & Contini, D. (2020). Why do students leave university? Qualitative research at an Italian higher education institution. European Journal of Education, 55(3), 456-470. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12408

Saleem, Q., Khan, A., Hameed, T., Begum, A., Ansari, T. A., & Abro, S. U. (2023). Association of Perceived Stress with Gender and BMI in students appearing in University Entrance Examination. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 17(01), 8-8. https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs20231718

Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (2021). Sistema Ecuatoriano de Acceso a la Educación Superior. https://bit.ly/3WaR4JH

Thompson, M., Pawson, C., & Evans, B. (2021). Navigating entry into higher education: the transition to independent learning and living. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 45(10), 1398-1410. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2021.1933400

Tomás, J. M., Gutiérrez, M., Pastor, A. M., & Sancho, P. (2020). Perceived social support, school adaptation and adolescents’ subjective well-being. Child Indicators Research, 13, 1597-1617. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-020-09717-9

Usán, S., P., & Quílez R., A. (2021). Emotional regulation and academic performance in the academic context: The mediating role of self-efficacy in secondary education students. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(11), 5715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115715

Ye, L., Posada, A., & Liu, Y. (2019). A review on the relationship between Chinese adolescents’ stress and academic achievement. New directions for child and adolescent development, 2019(163), 81-95. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20265

Zumba-Tello, D., & Moreta-Herrera, R. (2022). Afectividad, Regulación Emocional, Estrés y Salud Mental en adolescentes del Ecuador en tiempos de pandemia. Revista Doctorado UMH, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.21134/pssa.v10i1.801

Published

2024-01-05