Influência de fatores ambientais na dinâmica do perifíton na aquicultura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/at.v4i2.4825Palabras clave:
Comunidade perifítica, Qualidade de água, Alimento vivo, Biofilme, MicrorganismosResumen
RESUMO | Com o crescimento da atividade aquícola e o aumento da entrada de resíduos orgânicos oriundos dos ambientes de cultivo em corpos de águas naturais, o desenvolvimento de técnicas que minimizem os impactos da aquicultura se faz necessário. Uma estratégia que vem mostrando resultados promissores na mitigação dos impactos negativos da aquicultura é a manipulação das comunidades microbianas naturais dos ecossistemas aquáticos. Essas comunidades utilizam as altas cargas de nutrientes para o seu desenvolvimento e o seu crescimento no meio é regulado por vários fatores naturais. Nesta revisão, os principais fatores ambientais que podem modificar a dinâmica e função do biofilme nos ambientes de cultivo, foram minunciosamente analisados. Diversos fatores categorizados como bióticos: parasitismo, predação e pastejo e abióticos: concentração de nutrientes, temperatura, pH, substratos, luz, velocidade de água e regime hidrológico foram apontados como determinantes para a colonização e estabelecimento do biofilme. Todavia, alguns fatores se demonstraram mais atuantes na dinâmica da comunidade, sendo possível distinguir aqueles que apresentam maior interferência no desenvolvimento e dinâmica da comunidade.
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