Presumptive Perkinsus sp. hypnospores in the clam Megapitaria squalida from the Gulf of California
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/at.v1i1.2152Keywords:
parasitology, clam, prevalence, infection, SinaloaAbstract
Presumptive Perkinsus sp. hypnospores were detected in a wild population of the callista clam Megapitaria squalida (January-December 2013) from the north of the state of Sinaloa, Mexico, using the thioglicollate staining technique (MFTR). 30 clams were collected each month (64.08 ± 4.75 mm shell height and 68.76 ± 14.34 g weight). The physicochemical parameters of the water (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, depth, and transparency) were obtained. The MFTR test detected spherical cells of dark color every sampling month, except in December, indicating the presence of presumptive Perkinsus sp. hypnospores. The intensity of infection fluctuated from negative to light, while the maximum prevalence was 70% observed in May. The parasitic load showed correlation with the metric indicators of the clam. No correlation (p > 0.05) was obtained between the prevalence of the pathogen with all the parameters studied. The results suggest that M. squalida is little susceptible to the infection of Perkinsus sp.Downloads
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References
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Villanueva-Fonseca, L. C., Escobedo-Bonilla, C. M. (2013). Prevalencia del protozoario Perkinsus sp. en un cultivo de ostión japonés Crassostrea gigas en Sinaloa, México. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 4(15): 996-1002.
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Bhujel, R. C. (2008). Statistics for aquaculture. 1st. Ed., Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Iowa, USA.
Bushek, D., Ford, S. E., Allen, S. K. (1994). Evaluation of methods using Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium for diagnosis of Perkinsus marinus infection in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Annual Review of Fish Diseases, 4, 201–217.
Cáceres-Martínez, J., Vázquez-Yeomans, R. (2013). Enfermedades, parásitos y episodios de mortalidad de ostiones de importancia commercial en México y sus implicaciones para la producción. Ciencia Pesquera, 21: 5-48.
Cáceres-Martínez, J., Vázquez-Yeomans, R., Padilla-Lardizábal, G. (2010). Parasites and symbionts of the pleasure oyster Crassostrea corteziensis cultured in Nayarit, México. Journal of Aquatic of Animal Health, 22: 141-151.
Cáceres-Martínez, J., García-Ortega, M., Vázquez-Yeomans, R., Pineda-García, T. J., Stokes, N. A., Carnegie, R. B. (2012). Natural and cultured populations of the mangrove oyster Saccostrea palmula from Sinaloa, Mexico, infected by Perkinsus marinus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 110: 321-325.
Enríquez-Espinoza, T. L., Grijalva-Chon, J. M., Castro-Longoria, R., Ramos-Paredes, J. (2010). Perkinsus marinus in Crassostrea gigas in the Gulf of California. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 89: 269-273.
Enríquez-Espinoza, T. L., Castro-Longoria, R., Mendoza-Cano, F., Grijalva-Chon, J. M. (2015). Perkinsus marinus in Crassostrea gigas and Chione fluctifraga from Kino Bay, Sonora, Mexico. Biotecnia, 27(1): 10-13.
Góngora-Gómez, A. M., Rubio-Zepeda, F., Villanueva-Fonseca, L. C., Álvarez-Dagnino, E., Muñoz-Sevilla, N. P., Hernández-Sepúlveda, J. A., García-Ulloa, M. (2016). Primer registro de Perkinsus sp. (Protozoa, Apicomplexa) en el callo de hacha Atrina maura en Sinaloa, México. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía, 51(3): 689-694.
Mackin, J. G. (1962). Oyster disease caused by Dermocystidium marinum and other microorganisms in Louisiana. Institute for Marine Science University of Texas. USA. 7:132-229.
McLaughlin, S. M., Faisal, M. (1999). A comparison of diagnostic assays for detection of Perkinsus spp. in the softshell clam Mya arenaria. Aquaculture, 172: 197-204.
Murrell, A., Kleeman, S. N., Barker, S. C., Lester, R. J. G. (2002). Synonymy of Perkinsus olseni Lester & Davis 1981 and Perkinsus atlanticus Azevedo 1989 and an update on the phylogenetic position of the genus Perkinsus. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathology, 22: 258-265.
OIE. (2009). Manual of diagnostic tests for aquatic animals. World Health Organization. Office International des Epizooties, Paris.
Park, K.-I., Choi, K.-S. (2001). Spatial distribution of the protozoan parasite, Perkinsus sp., found in the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum in Korea. Aquaculture, 203: 9-22.
Pinho Ferreira, L., Costa Sabry, R., da Silva, P. M., Vasconcelos Gesteira, T. C., de Souza Romão, L., Pinheiro Paz, M., Galdino Feijó, R., Pinheiro Dantas Neto, M., Maggioni, R. (2015). First report of Perkinsus beihaiensis in wild clams Anomalocardia brasiliana (Bivalvia: Veneridae) in Brazil. Experimental Parasitology, 150: 67-70.
Ray, S. M. (1996). Historical perspective of Perkinsus marinus disease of oysters in the Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Shellfish Research, 15: 9-11.
Ruano, F., Batista, F. M., Arcangeli, G. (2015). Perkinsosis in the clams Ruditapes decussatus and R. philippinarum in the Northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea: A review. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 131: 58-67.
Sanil, N. K., Suja, G., Lijo, J., Vijayan, K. K. (2012). First report of Perkinsus beihaiensis in Crassostrea madraensis grom the Indian subcontinent. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 98: 209-220.
Villanueva-Fonseca, L. C., Escobedo-Bonilla, C. M. (2013). Prevalencia del protozoario Perkinsus sp. en un cultivo de ostión japonés Crassostrea gigas en Sinaloa, México. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 4(15): 996-1002.
Yarnall, H. A., Reece, K. S., Stokes, N. A., Burreson, E. M. (2000). A quantitative- competitive polymerase chain reaction assay for the oyster pathogen Perkinsus marinus. Journal of Parasitology 86: 827-837.
Published
2019-12-31
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