Effect of subclinical mastitis on fertility in Holstein cows, raised in the high tropics of Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i0.3254Keywords:
Pre-ovulatory follicle, follicular fluid, serum, estradiol, ovulationAbstract
The study was carried out in the south central zone of Ecuador, from February 2020 to January 2021, and its objective was to determine the effect of subclinical mastitis on fertility, for which three experiments were carried out: 1) it evaluated the effect of Subclinical mastitis (MSC) on the percentage of pregnancy (PP), after the first artificial insemination (AI) after diagnosis of subclinical mastitis (MSC), two groups were used: T1 = healthy (n = 60); T2 = with MSC (n = 60). 2) assessed the preovulatory follicle size (FPO) and ovulation percentage (POV), in 40 cows with MSC (T2) and 40 healthy (T1), a conventional insemination protocol at fixed time (IATF) was applied to assess the size of the FPO and PVO. 3) the level of estradiol (E2) in blood and follicular fluid was determined in 10 healthy cows (T1) and 10 with MSC (T2). 68.3% PP was observed in T1 and 48.3% in T2 (P <0.05). The FPO of T1 (16.2 ± 0.29 mm) was similar to T2 (15.9 ± 0.39 mm; P> 0.05). The POV was> T1 (61.9%) vs T2 (38.1%) (P <0.05). The plasma E2 of T1 (55.4 ± 2.28 pg / ml) and T2 (66.1 ± 3.39 pg / ml) differed (P <0.05). In follicular fluid, E2 was> T2 (1760.1 ± 46.4 pg / ml) vs T1 (1486.9 ± 69.8 pg / ml). MSC reduces PP by 20%; however, this is not related to the size of the FPO, but it does reduce ovulations by 23.8%, possibly related to a higher concentration of estradiol in both serum and follicular fluid.
Keywords: Pre-ovulatory follicle; follicular fluid; serum; estradiol; ovulation
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References
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Musal, B., Türkyilmaz, S., Becerıklısoy, H. B., Peker, C., & Uçar, E. H. (2016). Sütçü ıneklerde östrüs sırasında serum östradiol ve tümör nekrozis faktör alfa düzeyleri üzerine subklinik mastitislerin etkisi. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 22(5), 653–658. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2016.15000
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Pinedo, P. J., Melendez, P., Villagomez-Cortes, J. A., & Risco, C. A. (2009). Effect of high somatic cell counts on reproductive performance of Chilean dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 92(4), 1575–1580. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1783
Santos, G., Bottino, M. P., Santos, A. P. C., Simões, L. M. S., Souza, J. C., Ferreira, M. B. D., … Sales, J. N. S. (2018). Subclinical mastitis interferes with ovulation, oocyte and granulosa cell quality in dairy cows. Theriogenology, 119, 214–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.04.028
Song, X., Bokkers, E. A. M., van Mourik, S., Groot Koerkamp, P. W. G., & van der Tol, P. P. J. (2019). Automated body condition scoring of dairy cows using 3-dimensional feature extraction from multiple body regions. Journal of Dairy Science, 102(5), 4294–4308. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15238
Sood, P., Zachut, M., Dekel, I., Dube, H., Jacoby, S., & Moallem, U. (2017). Preovulatory follicle characteristics and oocyte competence in repeat breeder dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 100(11), 9372–9381. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12973
Vasconcelos, J. L. M., Sartori, R., Oliveira, H. N., Guenther, J. G., & Wiltbank, M. C. (2001). Reduction in size of the ovulatory follicle reduces subsequent luteal size and pregnancy rate. Theriogenology, 56(2), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00565-9
Villa-Arcila, N. A., Sanchez, J., Ratto, M. H., Rodriguez-Lecompte, J. C., Duque-Madrid, P. C., Sanchez-Arias, S., & Ceballos-Marquez, A. (2017). The association between subclinical mastitis around calving and reproductive performance in grazing dairy cows. Animal Reproduction Science, 185, 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.08.010
Wolfenson, D., Leitner, G., & Lavon, Y. (2015). The disruptive effects of mastitis on reproduction and fertility in dairy cows. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 14(4), 650–654. https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.4125
Ayala, L.E; Pesantez, J.L; Rodas, E.R; Dutan, J.B; Calle, G.R; Murillo, Y.A; Vázquez, J.M; Nieto, P.E; Ortega, V.V; Samaniego, J. X. (2019). Dinámica folicular de vaquillas Criollas al pastoreo en el altiplano ecuatoriano. Archivos de Zootecnia, 68(262), 186–192.
Ayala, L. E., Nieto Escandón, P. E., Rodas Carpio, E. R., Sarmiento Quito, S. X., & Dután Sanango, J. B. (2020). Control de la emergencia de la onda folicular mediante la aplicación de benzoato de estradiol, GnRH y ablación folicular en el metaestro tardío en vaquillas de trópico alto. Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias Del Perú, 31(4), e17009. https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v31i4.17009
Colazo, M. G., Behrouzi, A., Ambrose, D. J., & Mapletoft, R. J. (2015). Diameter of the ovulatory follicle at timed artificial insemination as a predictor of pregnancy status in lactating dairy cows subjected to GnRH-based protocols. Theriogenology, 84(3), 377–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.03.034
Cook, D. R. J. (2012). Impacto de la mastitis sobre la producción de leche y la tasa de preñez mastitis las vacas quedan preñadas más fácilmente y tienen más probabili- dades de quedarse en el. Boehringer Ingelheim, 1–2.
Córdova, A., Córdova, C. A., Córdova, M. S., Saltijeral, J. A., Ruiz–Lang, C. G., Xolalpa–Campos, V. M., … Guerra–Liera, J. E. (2008). Efecto de la mastitis y el estrés sobre la reproducción de la vaca. Revista Veterinaria, 19(2), 161. https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.1921899
Córdova, Alejandro, Emmanuel, A., Reyes, I., Gustavo, C., Lang, R., Liera, E. G., … Cervantes, R. E. (2016). Research article mastitis stress and reproduction in cows. International Journal of Current Research, 8(04), 29584–29588.
Fernández Bolaños, Omar Fernando, Y. C. (2012). Mastitis bovina:Generalidades y métodos de diagnostico. Revista Veterinaria REVET, 13(11), 1–11. Retrieved from http://www.produccion-animal.com.ar/sanidad_intoxicaciones_metabolicos/infecciosas/bovinos_leche/78-mastitis.pdf
Furman, O., Leitner, G., Roth, Z., Lavon, Y., Jacoby, S., & Wolfenson, D. (2014). Experimental model of toxin-induced subclinical mastitis and its effect on disruption of follicular function in cows. Theriogenology, 82(8), 1165–1172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.08.002
Hertl, J. A., Gröhn, Y. T., Leach, J. D. G., Bar, D., Bennett, G. J., González, R. N., … Schukken, Y. H. (2010). Effects of clinical mastitis caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other organisms on the probability of conception in New York State Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 93(4), 1551–1560. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2599
Kumar, N., Manimaran, A., Kumaresan, A., Jeyakumar, S., Sreela, L., Mooventhan, P., & Sivaram, M. (2017). Mastitis effects on reproductive performance in dairy cattle: a review. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 49(4), 663–673. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-017-1253-4
Lavon, Y., Kaim, M., Leitner, G., Biran, D., Ezra, E., & Wolfenson, D. (2016). Two approaches to improve fertility of subclinical mastitic dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(3), 2268–2275. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9745
Lavon, Y., Leitner, G., Klipper, E., Moallem, U., Meidan, R., & Wolfenson, D. (2011). Subclinical, chronic intramammary infection lowers steroid concentrations and gene expression in bovine preovulatory follicles. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 40(2), 98–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2010.09.004
Moyano Bautista, M. A., & Rodríguez Molano, C. E. (2014). Suplementación energética y su efecto en el nivel de colesterol y el perfil hormonal preovulatorio en vacas Energy supplementation and its effect on cholesterol levels and preovulatory hormonal profile in cows. Rev. Salud Anim, 36(2), 90–96. Retrieved from http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/rsa/v36n2/rsa03214.pdf
Mungube, E. O., Tenhagen, B. A., Regassa, F., Kyule, M. N., Shiferaw, Y., Kassa, T., & Baumann, M. P. O. (2005). Reduced milk production in udder quarters with subclinical mastitis and associated economic losses in crossbred dairy cows in Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 37(6), 503–512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-005-7049-y
Musal, B., Türkyilmaz, S., Becerıklısoy, H. B., Peker, C., & Uçar, E. H. (2016). Sütçü ıneklerde östrüs sırasında serum östradiol ve tümör nekrozis faktör alfa düzeyleri üzerine subklinik mastitislerin etkisi. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 22(5), 653–658. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2016.15000
OIE. Manual terrestre: OIE - World Organisation for Animal Health. Organ Mund Sanid Anim 2015:1–3. http://www.oie.int/es/normas-internacionales/manualterrestre/%5Cnhttp://www.oie.int/es/normas-internacionales/codigo-terrestre/
Opara, M. N., Okoli, C. I., Herbert, U., & Adeyemo, O. (2006). Ovarian morphology and estradiol-17β concentrations in serum and follicular fluid of slaughtered zebu cattle in Ibadan, Nige-ria. Veterinarski Arhiv, 76(5), 403–411.
Pérez CG, Bedolla CC, Castañeda VH. 2005. Importancia del conteo de células somáticas en la cría sustentable de vacas productoras de leche. Sustentabilidad. Vol. III, No 1. Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco., México. pp. 86-94.
Pineda, R. (2017). Efecto de la mastitis subclínica y los diferentes niveles de células somáticas sobre algunos parámetros reproductivos en vacas Holstein. Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro.
Pinedo, P. J., Melendez, P., Villagomez-Cortes, J. A., & Risco, C. A. (2009). Effect of high somatic cell counts on reproductive performance of Chilean dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 92(4), 1575–1580. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1783
Santos, G., Bottino, M. P., Santos, A. P. C., Simões, L. M. S., Souza, J. C., Ferreira, M. B. D., … Sales, J. N. S. (2018). Subclinical mastitis interferes with ovulation, oocyte and granulosa cell quality in dairy cows. Theriogenology, 119, 214–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.04.028
Song, X., Bokkers, E. A. M., van Mourik, S., Groot Koerkamp, P. W. G., & van der Tol, P. P. J. (2019). Automated body condition scoring of dairy cows using 3-dimensional feature extraction from multiple body regions. Journal of Dairy Science, 102(5), 4294–4308. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15238
Sood, P., Zachut, M., Dekel, I., Dube, H., Jacoby, S., & Moallem, U. (2017). Preovulatory follicle characteristics and oocyte competence in repeat breeder dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 100(11), 9372–9381. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12973
Vasconcelos, J. L. M., Sartori, R., Oliveira, H. N., Guenther, J. G., & Wiltbank, M. C. (2001). Reduction in size of the ovulatory follicle reduces subsequent luteal size and pregnancy rate. Theriogenology, 56(2), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00565-9
Villa-Arcila, N. A., Sanchez, J., Ratto, M. H., Rodriguez-Lecompte, J. C., Duque-Madrid, P. C., Sanchez-Arias, S., & Ceballos-Marquez, A. (2017). The association between subclinical mastitis around calving and reproductive performance in grazing dairy cows. Animal Reproduction Science, 185, 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.08.010
Wolfenson, D., Leitner, G., & Lavon, Y. (2015). The disruptive effects of mastitis on reproduction and fertility in dairy cows. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 14(4), 650–654. https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.4125
Published
2021-07-08
How to Cite
Malta García, Y. I., Zambrano, J. J., Matute Deleg, T. X., Pinos Rojas, E. E., Dutan Sanango, J. B., Ayala Guanga, L. E., & Jácome Aucay, A. S. (2021). Effect of subclinical mastitis on fertility in Holstein cows, raised in the high tropics of Ecuador. La Técnica. Revista De Las Agrociencias. ISSN 2477-8982, 82–94. https://doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i0.3254
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Producción y Salud Animal
