Vinasse as a bioherbicide and biofertilizer: a sustainable alternative for organic farming
Agricultura y Silvicultura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/latecnica.v15i2.7355Keywords:
agro-industrial sustainability, weed control, waste management.Abstract
Stillage, a by-product of bioethanol, has great potential as a biofertilizer and herbicide in organic farming. This study evaluated the effect of untreated and pretreated vinasse with CO₃Ca, NaHCO₃ and Ca(OH)₂ in 1 m² plots, using a completely randomized design with four replications. The vinasse was pretreated to adjust its pH and different doses were applied, measuring variables such as plant height, number of leaves and foliar burns. The results showed that treatments with NaHCO₃ and Ca(OH)₂ reduced electrical conductivity (EC) by more than 99%, reaching values close to 13.64 µS·cm-1, compared to the control of 6420 µS·cm-1. BOD₅ decreased to 5,000 mg·L-1, while COD increased to 155.250 mg·L-1. The CO₃Ca treatment promoted remarkable plant growth, with an average height of 32.25 ± 1.12 cm at 23 days, demonstrating its effect as a biofertilizer. In weed control, untreated vinasse caused up to 80% burndown on Microtea debilis and 100% on Cyanthillium cinereum. Treatments with NaHCO₃ and Ca(OH)₂ showed herbicidal effects ranging from 5% to 60% on ten different species. In conclusion, vinasse treated with CO₃Ca favors biofertility, whereas vinasse combined with NaHCO₃ and Ca(OH)₂ is more effective as a herbicide.
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