The association between extracurricular activities and academic performance of university students using the chi square statistic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/revbasdelaciencia.v9i3.7039Keywords:
Extracurricular activities, academic performance, college students, academic development.Abstract
A research is conducted on the relationship between extracurricular activities (AEC) and academic
performance at the university level, specifically at the Universidad Iberoamericana del Ecuador (UNIB.E).
Quantitative research with a sample of 96 students from different disciplines surveyed through the application of questionnaires. The data were subjected to analysis using a Chi-square test; emerging that there is a significant relationship between extracurricular activities and the academic performance of students. This showed that those who carry out extracurricular activities have a better performance in their grades than those who do not carry out the same, whether sports, clubs, volunteering, arts, etc. It was also shown that the typeof extracurricular activity would measure student performance; for example, students who practice these artistic disciplines have a better performance in courses related to creativity. The findings also support what was done by predecessors that AECs support formal academic learning and that, through these practices, students develop time management skills and become more resilient. From the above discussion, it can be concluded that institutions should establish attractive extracurricular programs for all their students to enhance better performance in studies. On the other hand, research is only a small contribution to the topic
at hand; further investigation and follow-up are needed to clearly show a causal relationship with the topic
at hand. In short, AEC should be included in the university curriculum for the sake of student success and
proper skill acquisition.
Downloads
References
Agresti, A. (2023). Estadística aplicada: Análisis de datos categóricos. Pearson.
Barrachina, X., López, J., & Sanz, F. (2024). Efectos de la participación extracurricular en el rendimiento académico
universitario. Learn. Instruc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2024.101469
Bhattacherjee, A. (2023). Social science research: Principles, methods, and practices. University of South Florida.
Bollen, K. (2022). Structural equation models: An introduction. Wiley.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, D. J. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches
(5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., & Pachan, M. (2010). The impact of after-school programs that promote personal and
social skills. American Journal of Community Psychology, 45(3-4), 294–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-
-9300-6
Erdem, C. (2023). The role of extracurricular activities in enhancing academic success. Journal of Educational
Psychology, 112(4), 1025-1038. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000652
Faught, B. E., Beynon, C., Cairney, J., & Timmons, B. W. (2022). Physical activity, cognition, and academic achievement
in children and adolescents. Health Education Research, 37(2), 160–173. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyac024
Faught, B. E., Simpkins, S. D., & Fredricks, J. A. (2023). Sport participation and academic performance: A
longitudinal analysis. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 21(2), 120-130. https://doi.
org/10.1080/1612197X.2023.1001234
Feldman, A. F., & Matjasko, J. L. (2005). The role of school-based extracurricular activities in adolescent development:
A comprehensive review and future directions. Review of Educational Research, 75(2), 159–210. https://doi.
org/10.3102/00346543075002159
Feldman, A. F., & Matjasko, J. L. (2023). Extracurricular involvement and student success. Routledge.
Fredricks, J. A., & Eccles, J. S. (2006). Is extracurricular participation associated with beneficial outcomes? Concurrent
and longitudinal relations. Developmental Psychology, 42(4), 698-713. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-
42.4.698
Heliyon. (2022). Extracurricular activities and their impact on students’ academic performance. Heliyon, 8(10), e11742.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11742
Heliyon. (2024). A longitudinal analysis of academic outcomes and extracurricular involvement. Heliyon, 9(5), e12576.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e12576
Holland, A., & Andre, T. (1987). Participation in extracurricular activities in secondary school: What is known, what needs
to be known? Review of Educational Research, 57(4), 437-466. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543057004437
Lareau, A. (2011). Unequal childhoods: Class, race, and family life (2nd ed.). University of California Press.
Lareau, A. (2023). Social class differences in family-school relationships: The importance of cultural capital. Sociology
of Education, 96(3), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038040723101237
Larson, R. W. (2000). Toward a psychology of positive youth development. American Psychologist, 55(1), 170-183.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.170
Mahoney, J. L., Harris, A. L., & Eccles, J. S. (2003). Organized activity participation, positive youth development, and
the over-scheduling hypothesis. Social Policy Report, 17(1), 3–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2379-3988.2003.
tb00008.x
Marsh, H. W. (1992). Extracurricular activities: Beneficial extension of the traditional curriculum or subversion
of academic goals? Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(4), 553-562. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-
84.4.553
Mukesh, R., Acharya, V., & Pillai, S. (2023). Extracurricular activities and academic achievement: A comprehensive
review. Academic Press.
ScienceDirect. (2023). Extracurricular activities and academic performance: A meta-analysis. ScienceDirect, 89(5),
-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciencedirect.2023.001490
ScienceDirect. (2024). Academic success predictors: The role of extracurricular engagement. ScienceDirect, 90(3), 45-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciencedirect.2024.001563
Siegel, S., & Castellan, N. J. (2023). Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Simpkins, S. D., & Eccles, J. S. (2023). The developmental benefits of extracurricular participation across adolescence.
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 52(4), 745-759. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01763-9
Simpkins, S. D., Fredricks, J. A., & Eccles, J. S. (2012). Extracurricular activities and student achievement: A
longitudinal study. Child Development Press.
Smith, J. M., & Rodríguez, A. L. (2022). The influence of extracurricular activities on academic achievement: A
multilevel analysis. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-022-09345-8
Tavakol, M., Dennick, R., & Tavakol, S. (2022). Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical
Education, 13, 67-79. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5e4b.fdfd
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pedro Manuel Cabeza García, Edgar Fernando Razo Cajas

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.