Biosecurity on penaeid shrimp farming: A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/at.v2i1.2409Keywords:
Disease pathogen, Panaeus, Sanitary risksAbstract
Shrimp farming has been growing very significantly in the last decades, particularly in Southeast Asia, India and Ecuador. In parallel, biosecurity has been presented as a necessity of the productive sector due to the frequency, magnitude and nature of diseases affecting penaeid shrimp. The current article reviews the strategies that have been included in this concept and those that may be in the future, to ensure the sustainability of productive sector. Among the best known but not necessarily applied aspects, it can be cited the precise and constant definition of the health condition of cultured shrimps, design of biosecurity plans, the use of Specific Pathogen Free strains (SPF), strengthening of diagnostic capacity at its three levels (clinical signs, presumptive and advanced), incorporation of sanitary risks analysis, regulation of the entry of persons to farms, establishment of protocols for better farming practices and complete restriction of wild or domestic fauna within the culture facilities. Some paradigms are not so widely managed, although they are of great importance, such as the involvement of multiple levels of action, implementation of sanitary mapping, formulation of contingency and mock plans, implementation of compensation programs, massification of knowledge about penaeid shrimp pathology and biosecurity among participants of the production cycle, replacement fresh feed, better environmental control, proper disposal of organic waste, application of probiotics and management of microbiomes, and promotion of applied research. Biosecurity has been gaining relevance and is currently essential for the maintenance of penaeid shrimp farming as a profitable and sustainable productive activity.
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2020-05-13
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