Supplementation of oregano extract (Origanum vulgare) and formic acid to control vibriosis in aquaculture
Suplementação de um fitobiótico com ácidos orgânicos para controlar a vibriose em aquicultura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/at.v6i3.6755Keywords:
Phytobiotics, organic acids, antibiotigram, synergy, L. vannameiAbstract
Vibriosis is a bacterial disease that affects shrimp farming, leading to economic losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergy between oregano extract (Origanum vulgare), potassium salts, and formic acid for the reduction of Vibrio bacteria in shrimp cultivation. The research was conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory at the Universidad Técnica de Machala. In vitro tests were performed using formic acid, potassium formate, oregano extract, and a mixture referred to as "Oseanah," both with and without Tween 80 (T80). The inhibitory effect of the treatments against total Vibrio strains was analyzed over 24 h using the Kirby-Bauer method on Muller Hinton agar plates. Treatments with and without T80 exhibited a larger inhibition halo; therefore, they were further evaluated in juvenile shrimp. Two treatments and a control were applied in triplicate: T0: control, T1: Oseanah, T2: Oseanah + T80. A total of 45 Penaeus vannamei organisms were randomly distributed and fed twice daily, with a 30 % water change. According to the plate count results, treatment T1 showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) with a 97.67 % reduction in the Vibrio sp. load, while treatment T2 showed a reduction of 92.33 %. This indicates that the application of "Oseanah" was more effective in reducing bacterial load. Finally, the mixture of oregano oil with potassium diformate demonstrated a synergistic effect in inhibiting the growth of vibrios, suggesting it was an environmentally friendly option to minimize antibiotic use in aquaculture production.
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