Optimization of the larval production protocol for tropicalized lineages of Magallana gigas: effect of unialgal diet on reproductive conditioning
Optimización del protocolo de producción larvaria para estirpes tropicalizadas de Magallana gigas: efecto de la dieta unialgal en el acondicionamiento reproductivo
Keywords:
microalgal diet , gonadosomatic index , condition index , competent larvae , broodstockAbstract
Reproduction demands a lot of energy in the life cycle of any bivalve species and the conditioning of the brood stock affects the viability of the gametes and subsequent embryonic and larval development. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of three different unialgal concentrations of the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis, offered as food for the induction of gonadal maturation and the subsequent spawning of the reproducers and larval development of tropicalized lineages of the Pacific oyster Magallana gigas. For this purpose, 150 reproductive oyster were transferred to the laboratory, cleaned of biofouling, and their biometric values were taken every 15 days for 45 days. Then, the 150 individuals were divided into three batches of 50 oysters, and these again were randomly separated into 3 batches or replicas of 16 oysters and placed in 3 MT plastic tanks with salt water, 35 ppm and 27 °C, with microalgae concentrations of 1.8x106 (High C.), 1.5x106 (Medium C.) and 1.2x106 (Low C.) million cells/mL, equivalent to 1.06, 1.32 and 1.58% of the wet biomass of soft tissues of the oysters. At the end of the conditioning period, spawning was induced by thermal shock (27°C to 35°C.), responding 15 females and 17 males that allowed the production of 30 million oocytes (High C.), 5 females and 8 males with 1 million oocytes (Medium C.), while no spawning was observed from oysters at Low C. The development of different larval stages lasted 15 days, from “D” larva to Pediveliger; the survival rate was 14% (High C.); while 50 % of the larvae of Medium C. did not exceed the pediveliger stage. The conditioning of the broodstock with a high concentration diet is recommended, because it induced higher gonadosomatic indices and percentages of spawning, as well as a greater larval production in qualitative and quantitative terms.
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