Carcass pH and temperature changes due to factors related to bovine transport prior to slaughter
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i0.2524Keywords:
cows, slaughterhouse, PSE, DFD, mobilityAbstract
The objective of this research was to elucidate the transport-related factors that influence the pH and temperature of the post-mortem muscle, in the carcass of the slaughtered animals in the Nobol slaughterhouse (GAI) in the province of Guayas, Ecuador. 605 cattle were sampled; the independent variables such as a mixture of categories, types of categories, sex, travel time and bedding type used for transportation were evaluated as possible causes of variations in pH and temperature. It was identified that the temperature of bovines subjected to more than 3 hours of travel and beds based on cane residue generate an increase in body temperature, affecting the quality of the meat and producing pale, soft and exudative meats (PSE); corroborating that transport-related factors are precursors of stress in livestock.
Keywords: cows; slaughterhouse; PSE; DFD; mobility
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References
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Bethancourt-Garcia, J. A., Vaz, R. Z., Vaz, F. N., Silva, W. B., Pascoal, L. L., Mendonça, F. S., Vara, C. C. d., Nuñez, A. J. C., & Restle, J. (2019, 2019/04/01/). Pre-slaughter factors affecting the incidence of severe bruising in cattle carcasses. Livestock Science, 222, 41-48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2019.02.009
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Brandt, P., & Aaslyng, M. D. (2015). Welfare measurements of finishing pigs on the day of slaughter: a review. Meat Science, 103, 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.12.004
Brunel, H. D. S. S., Dallago, B. S. L., de Almeida, A. M. B., de Assis, A. Z., de Bento Calzada, R. J., de Alvarenga, A. B. B., Menezes, A. M., Barbosa, J. P., Lopes, P. R., González, F. H. D., McManus, C., Broom, D., & Bernal, F. E. M. (2018). Hemato-biochemical profile of meat cattle submitted to different types of pre-loading handling and transport times. International journal of veterinary science and medicine, 6(1), 90-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.04.002
Cañeque, V., & Sañudo-Astiz, C. (2005). Estandarización de las metodologías para evaluar la calidad del producto (animal vivo, canal, carne y grasa) en los rumiantes (Vol. 3). Ministerio de Educació y Ciencia. Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria. https://books.google.com.ec/books?id=lHQB_VIVOUEC
Carrasco-García, A. A., Pardío-Sedas, V. T., León-Banda, G. G., Ahuja-Aguirre, C., Paredes-Ramos, P., Hernández-Cruz, B. C., & Vega Murillo, V. (2020). Effect of stress during slaughter on carcass characteristics and meat quality in tropical beef cattle. Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 10.5713/ajas.5719.0804. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0804
Chacon, G., Garcia-Belenguer, S., Villarroel, M., & Maria, G. A. (2005). Effect of transport stress on physiological responses of male bovines. DTW. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 112(12), 465-469. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16425633
Chambers, P. G., & Temple-Grandin, M. (2001). Efectos del estrés y de las lesiones en la calidad de la carne y de los subproductos. In G. Heinz & T. Srisuvan (Eds.), Directrices para el Manejo, Transporte y Sacrificio Humanitario del Ganado (Vol. 1, pp. 196).
Crippen, T. L., Sheffield, C. L., Singh, B., Byrd, J. A., Beier, R. C., & Anderson, R. C. (2021, 2021/08/01/). Poultry litter and the environment: Microbial profile of litter during successive flock rotations and after spreading on pastureland. Science of The Total Environment, 780, 146413. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146413
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De la Sota, M. D. (2005). Manual de Procedimiento en el transporte de animales (D. N. d. S. Animal, Ed. Vol. 1). SENASA.
Della Rosa, M. M., Pavan, E., Maresca, S., Spetter, M., & Ramiro, F. (2019). Performance, carcass and meat quality traits of grazing cattle with different exit velocity %J Animal Production Science. 59(9), 1752-1761. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18064
Dos Santos, V. M., Dallago, B. S. L., Racanicci, A. M. C., Santana, Â. P., & Bernal, F. E. M. (2017). Effects of season and distance during transport on broiler chicken meat. Poultry science, 96(12), 4270-4279. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex282
Ferguson, D. M., & Gerrard, D. E. (2014). Regulation of post-mortem glycolysis in ruminant muscle %J Animal Production Science. 54(4), 464-481. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1071/AN13088
Ferreira, G. B., Andrade, C. L., Costa, F., Freitas, M. Q., Silva, T. J. P., & Santos, I. F. (2006, 2006/11/01/). Effects of transport time and rest period on the quality of electrically stimulated male cattle carcasses. Meat Science, 74(3), 459-466. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.04.006
Figueroa, A., Derksen, T., Biswas, S., Nazmi, A., Rejmanek, D., Crossley, B., Pandey, P., & Gallardo, R. A. (2021, 2021/03/01/). Persistence of low and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in reused poultry litter, effects of litter amendment use, and composting temperatures. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 30(1), 100096. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2020.09.011
Gonzalez-Rivas, P. A., Chauhan, S. S., Ha, M., Fegan, N., Dunshea, F. R., & Warner, R. D. (2020, 2020/04/01/). Effects of heat stress on animal physiology, metabolism, and meat quality: A review. Meat Science, 162, 108025. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108025
Honkavaara, M., Rintasalo, E., Ylönen, J., & Pudas, T. (2003, 2003/03//). Meat quality and transport stress of cattle. DTW. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 110(3), 125-128. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/12731114
Huertas, S. M., van Eerdenburg, F., Gil, A., & Piaggio, J. (2015). Prevalence of carcass bruises as an indicator of welfare in beef cattle and the relation to the economic impact. Veterinary medicine and science, 1(1), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.2
Jorquera-Chavez, M., Fuentes, S., Dunshea, F. R., Jongman, E. C., & Warner, R. D. (2019, 2019/10/01/). Computer vision and remote sensing to assess physiological responses of cattle to pre-slaughter stress, and its impact on beef quality: A review. Meat Science, 156, 11-22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.05.007
Loredo-Osti, J., Sánchez-López, E., Barreras-Serrano, A., Figueroa-Saavedra, F., Pérez-Linares, C., Ruiz-Albarrán, M., & Domínguez-Muñoz, M. Á. (2019, 2019/04/01/). An evaluation of environmental, intrinsic and pre- and post-slaughter risk factors associated to dark-cutting beef in a Federal Inspected Type slaughter plant. Meat Science, 150, 85-92. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.12.007
McGilchrist, P., Alston, C. L., Gardner, G. E., Thomson, K. L., & Pethick, D. W. (2012, Dec). Beef carcasses with larger eye muscle areas, lower ossification scores and improved nutrition have a lower incidence of dark cutting. Meat Sci, 92(4), 474-480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.014
McNally, P. W., & Warriss, P. D. (1996, Feb 10). Recent bruising in cattle at abattoirs. Vet Rec, 138(6), 126-128. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.138.6.126
Mthiyane, D. M. N., Nsahlai, I. V., & Bonsi, M. L. K. (2001, 2001/12/13/). The nutritional composition, fermentation characteristics, in sacco degradation and fungal pathogen dynamics of sugarcane tops ensiled with broiler litter with or without water. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 94(3), 171-185. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00311-X
Nanni Costa, L., Lo Fiego, D., Tassone, F., & Russo, V. (2006, 08/01). The Relationship Between Carcass Bruising in Bulls and Behaviour Observed During Pre-slaughter Phases. Veterinary Research Communications, 30, 379-381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-0086-9
Pighin, D., Brown, W., Ferguson, D., Fisher, A., & Warner, R. (2014, 03/17). Relationship between changes in core body temperature in lambs and post-slaughter muscle glycogen content and dark-cutting. Animal Production Science, 54, 459-463. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN12379
Romero, M., & Sánchez, J. (2012). Bienestar animal durante el transporte y su relación con la calidad de la carne bovina. Rev. MVZ Córdova, 17(1), 2936-2944. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.264
Sañudo Astiz, C. (2008). Aspectos estratégicos para obtener carne ovina de calidad en el cono sur americano. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Tandil.
Schwartzkopf-Genswein, K. S., Faucitano, L., Dadgar, S., Shand, P., González, L. A., & Crowe, T. G. (2012, 2012/11/01/). Road transport of cattle, swine and poultry in North America and its impact on animal welfare, carcass and meat quality: A review. Meat Science, 92(3), 227-243. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.04.010
SENASA. (2015). Resolución 97-1999-SENASA - Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria. Retrieved 07/03/2020 from http://www.senasa.gob.ar/normativas/resolucion-97-1999-senasa-servicio-nacional-de-sanidad-y-calidad-agroalimentaria
Strappini, A. C., Metz, J. H., Gallo, C. B., & Kemp, B. (2009, May). Origin and assessment of bruises in beef cattle at slaughter. Animal, 3(5), 728-736. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1751731109004091
Timsit, E., Hallewell, J., Booker, C., Tison, N., Amat, S., & Alexander, T. W. (2017, 2017/09/01/). Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni isolated from the lower respiratory tract of healthy feedlot cattle and those diagnosed with bovine respiratory disease. Veterinary Microbiology, 208, 118-125. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.07.013
Timsit, E., Workentine, M., van der Meer, F., & Alexander, T. (2018, 2018/07/01/). Distinct bacterial metacommunities inhabit the upper and lower respiratory tracts of healthy feedlot cattle and those diagnosed with bronchopneumonia. Veterinary Microbiology, 221, 105-113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.06.007
Toscano Miranda, N., Lopes Motta, I., Maciel Filho, R., & Wolf Maciel, M. R. (2021, 2021/10/01/). Sugarcane bagasse pyrolysis: A review of operating conditions and products properties. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 149, 111394. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111394
Trevisan, L., & Brum, J. S. (2020). Incidence of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) pork meat in reason of extrinsic stress factors. An Acad Bras Cienc, 92(3), e20190086. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020190086
Van Ba, H., Seo, H.-W., Pil-Nam, S., Kim, Y.-S., Park, B. Y., Moon, S.-S., Kang, S.-J., Choi, Y.-M., & Kim, J.-H. (2018, 2018/03/01/). The effects of pre-and post-slaughter spray application with organic acids on microbial population reductions on beef carcasses. Meat Science, 137, 16-23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.11.006
Van Beers, R., Kokawa, M., Aernouts, B., Watté, R., De Smet, S., & Saeys, W. (2018, 2018/02/01/). Evolution of the bulk optical properties of bovine muscles during wet aging. Meat Science, 136, 50-58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.10.010
Węglarz, A. (2010, 12/01). Meat quality defined based on pH and colour depending on cattle category and slaughter season. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 55, 548-556. https://doi.org/10.17221/2520-CJAS
Wigham, E. E., Butterworth, A., & Wotton, S. (2018, 2018/11/01/). Assessing cattle welfare at slaughter – Why is it important and what challenges are faced? Meat Science, 145, 171-177. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.06.010
Alcalde, M. J., Suárez, M. D., Rodero, E., Álvarez, R., Sáez, M. I., & Martínez, T. F. (2017). Effects of farm management practices and transport duration on stress response and meat quality traits of suckling goat kids. Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience, 11(9), 1626-1635. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731116002858
Bethancourt-Garcia, J. A., Vaz, R. Z., Vaz, F. N., Silva, W. B., Pascoal, L. L., Mendonça, F. S., Vara, C. C. d., Nuñez, A. J. C., & Restle, J. (2019, 2019/04/01/). Pre-slaughter factors affecting the incidence of severe bruising in cattle carcasses. Livestock Science, 222, 41-48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2019.02.009
Boland, M., Kaur, L., Chian, F. M., & Astruc, T. (2019). Muscle Proteins. In L. Melton, F. Shahidi, & P. Varelis (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Food Chemistry (pp. 164-179). Academic Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100596-5.21602-8
Brandt, P., & Aaslyng, M. D. (2015). Welfare measurements of finishing pigs on the day of slaughter: a review. Meat Science, 103, 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.12.004
Brunel, H. D. S. S., Dallago, B. S. L., de Almeida, A. M. B., de Assis, A. Z., de Bento Calzada, R. J., de Alvarenga, A. B. B., Menezes, A. M., Barbosa, J. P., Lopes, P. R., González, F. H. D., McManus, C., Broom, D., & Bernal, F. E. M. (2018). Hemato-biochemical profile of meat cattle submitted to different types of pre-loading handling and transport times. International journal of veterinary science and medicine, 6(1), 90-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.04.002
Cañeque, V., & Sañudo-Astiz, C. (2005). Estandarización de las metodologías para evaluar la calidad del producto (animal vivo, canal, carne y grasa) en los rumiantes (Vol. 3). Ministerio de Educació y Ciencia. Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria. https://books.google.com.ec/books?id=lHQB_VIVOUEC
Carrasco-García, A. A., Pardío-Sedas, V. T., León-Banda, G. G., Ahuja-Aguirre, C., Paredes-Ramos, P., Hernández-Cruz, B. C., & Vega Murillo, V. (2020). Effect of stress during slaughter on carcass characteristics and meat quality in tropical beef cattle. Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 10.5713/ajas.5719.0804. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0804
Chacon, G., Garcia-Belenguer, S., Villarroel, M., & Maria, G. A. (2005). Effect of transport stress on physiological responses of male bovines. DTW. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 112(12), 465-469. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16425633
Chambers, P. G., & Temple-Grandin, M. (2001). Efectos del estrés y de las lesiones en la calidad de la carne y de los subproductos. In G. Heinz & T. Srisuvan (Eds.), Directrices para el Manejo, Transporte y Sacrificio Humanitario del Ganado (Vol. 1, pp. 196).
Crippen, T. L., Sheffield, C. L., Singh, B., Byrd, J. A., Beier, R. C., & Anderson, R. C. (2021, 2021/08/01/). Poultry litter and the environment: Microbial profile of litter during successive flock rotations and after spreading on pastureland. Science of The Total Environment, 780, 146413. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146413
Dawson, P. L., & Acton, J. C. (2018). 22 - Impact of proteins on food color. In R. Y. Yada (Ed.), Proteins in Food Processing (Second Edition) (pp. 599-638). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100722-8.00023-1
De la Sota, M. D. (2005). Manual de Procedimiento en el transporte de animales (D. N. d. S. Animal, Ed. Vol. 1). SENASA.
Della Rosa, M. M., Pavan, E., Maresca, S., Spetter, M., & Ramiro, F. (2019). Performance, carcass and meat quality traits of grazing cattle with different exit velocity %J Animal Production Science. 59(9), 1752-1761. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18064
Dos Santos, V. M., Dallago, B. S. L., Racanicci, A. M. C., Santana, Â. P., & Bernal, F. E. M. (2017). Effects of season and distance during transport on broiler chicken meat. Poultry science, 96(12), 4270-4279. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex282
Ferguson, D. M., & Gerrard, D. E. (2014). Regulation of post-mortem glycolysis in ruminant muscle %J Animal Production Science. 54(4), 464-481. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1071/AN13088
Ferreira, G. B., Andrade, C. L., Costa, F., Freitas, M. Q., Silva, T. J. P., & Santos, I. F. (2006, 2006/11/01/). Effects of transport time and rest period on the quality of electrically stimulated male cattle carcasses. Meat Science, 74(3), 459-466. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.04.006
Figueroa, A., Derksen, T., Biswas, S., Nazmi, A., Rejmanek, D., Crossley, B., Pandey, P., & Gallardo, R. A. (2021, 2021/03/01/). Persistence of low and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in reused poultry litter, effects of litter amendment use, and composting temperatures. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 30(1), 100096. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2020.09.011
Gonzalez-Rivas, P. A., Chauhan, S. S., Ha, M., Fegan, N., Dunshea, F. R., & Warner, R. D. (2020, 2020/04/01/). Effects of heat stress on animal physiology, metabolism, and meat quality: A review. Meat Science, 162, 108025. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108025
Honkavaara, M., Rintasalo, E., Ylönen, J., & Pudas, T. (2003, 2003/03//). Meat quality and transport stress of cattle. DTW. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 110(3), 125-128. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/12731114
Huertas, S. M., van Eerdenburg, F., Gil, A., & Piaggio, J. (2015). Prevalence of carcass bruises as an indicator of welfare in beef cattle and the relation to the economic impact. Veterinary medicine and science, 1(1), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.2
Jorquera-Chavez, M., Fuentes, S., Dunshea, F. R., Jongman, E. C., & Warner, R. D. (2019, 2019/10/01/). Computer vision and remote sensing to assess physiological responses of cattle to pre-slaughter stress, and its impact on beef quality: A review. Meat Science, 156, 11-22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.05.007
Loredo-Osti, J., Sánchez-López, E., Barreras-Serrano, A., Figueroa-Saavedra, F., Pérez-Linares, C., Ruiz-Albarrán, M., & Domínguez-Muñoz, M. Á. (2019, 2019/04/01/). An evaluation of environmental, intrinsic and pre- and post-slaughter risk factors associated to dark-cutting beef in a Federal Inspected Type slaughter plant. Meat Science, 150, 85-92. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.12.007
McGilchrist, P., Alston, C. L., Gardner, G. E., Thomson, K. L., & Pethick, D. W. (2012, Dec). Beef carcasses with larger eye muscle areas, lower ossification scores and improved nutrition have a lower incidence of dark cutting. Meat Sci, 92(4), 474-480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.014
McNally, P. W., & Warriss, P. D. (1996, Feb 10). Recent bruising in cattle at abattoirs. Vet Rec, 138(6), 126-128. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.138.6.126
Mthiyane, D. M. N., Nsahlai, I. V., & Bonsi, M. L. K. (2001, 2001/12/13/). The nutritional composition, fermentation characteristics, in sacco degradation and fungal pathogen dynamics of sugarcane tops ensiled with broiler litter with or without water. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 94(3), 171-185. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00311-X
Nanni Costa, L., Lo Fiego, D., Tassone, F., & Russo, V. (2006, 08/01). The Relationship Between Carcass Bruising in Bulls and Behaviour Observed During Pre-slaughter Phases. Veterinary Research Communications, 30, 379-381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-0086-9
Pighin, D., Brown, W., Ferguson, D., Fisher, A., & Warner, R. (2014, 03/17). Relationship between changes in core body temperature in lambs and post-slaughter muscle glycogen content and dark-cutting. Animal Production Science, 54, 459-463. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN12379
Romero, M., & Sánchez, J. (2012). Bienestar animal durante el transporte y su relación con la calidad de la carne bovina. Rev. MVZ Córdova, 17(1), 2936-2944. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.264
Sañudo Astiz, C. (2008). Aspectos estratégicos para obtener carne ovina de calidad en el cono sur americano. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Tandil.
Schwartzkopf-Genswein, K. S., Faucitano, L., Dadgar, S., Shand, P., González, L. A., & Crowe, T. G. (2012, 2012/11/01/). Road transport of cattle, swine and poultry in North America and its impact on animal welfare, carcass and meat quality: A review. Meat Science, 92(3), 227-243. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.04.010
SENASA. (2015). Resolución 97-1999-SENASA - Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria. Retrieved 07/03/2020 from http://www.senasa.gob.ar/normativas/resolucion-97-1999-senasa-servicio-nacional-de-sanidad-y-calidad-agroalimentaria
Strappini, A. C., Metz, J. H., Gallo, C. B., & Kemp, B. (2009, May). Origin and assessment of bruises in beef cattle at slaughter. Animal, 3(5), 728-736. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1751731109004091
Timsit, E., Hallewell, J., Booker, C., Tison, N., Amat, S., & Alexander, T. W. (2017, 2017/09/01/). Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni isolated from the lower respiratory tract of healthy feedlot cattle and those diagnosed with bovine respiratory disease. Veterinary Microbiology, 208, 118-125. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.07.013
Timsit, E., Workentine, M., van der Meer, F., & Alexander, T. (2018, 2018/07/01/). Distinct bacterial metacommunities inhabit the upper and lower respiratory tracts of healthy feedlot cattle and those diagnosed with bronchopneumonia. Veterinary Microbiology, 221, 105-113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.06.007
Toscano Miranda, N., Lopes Motta, I., Maciel Filho, R., & Wolf Maciel, M. R. (2021, 2021/10/01/). Sugarcane bagasse pyrolysis: A review of operating conditions and products properties. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 149, 111394. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111394
Trevisan, L., & Brum, J. S. (2020). Incidence of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) pork meat in reason of extrinsic stress factors. An Acad Bras Cienc, 92(3), e20190086. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020190086
Van Ba, H., Seo, H.-W., Pil-Nam, S., Kim, Y.-S., Park, B. Y., Moon, S.-S., Kang, S.-J., Choi, Y.-M., & Kim, J.-H. (2018, 2018/03/01/). The effects of pre-and post-slaughter spray application with organic acids on microbial population reductions on beef carcasses. Meat Science, 137, 16-23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.11.006
Van Beers, R., Kokawa, M., Aernouts, B., Watté, R., De Smet, S., & Saeys, W. (2018, 2018/02/01/). Evolution of the bulk optical properties of bovine muscles during wet aging. Meat Science, 136, 50-58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.10.010
Węglarz, A. (2010, 12/01). Meat quality defined based on pH and colour depending on cattle category and slaughter season. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 55, 548-556. https://doi.org/10.17221/2520-CJAS
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Published
2021-09-01
How to Cite
[1]
García-Ávila, G.A., Martinez Cepeda, G.E., Zambrano-Garay, W.H. and Zambrano Villacis, J.J. 2021. Carcass pH and temperature changes due to factors related to bovine transport prior to slaughter. La Técnica. Revista de las Agrociencias. ISSN 2477-8982. (Sep. 2021), 95–109. DOI:https://doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i0.2524.
Issue
Section
Producción y Salud Animal
