Genomics, a tool for the continuous improvement of reproductive efficiency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/latecnica.v27i2.4866Keywords:
genomics; genes; marker assisted selection; reproductive efficiency; bullAbstract
In the profitability of livestock farms, the reproductive efficiency of the herd and particularly of the bull is of vital importance, since it is framed as an important parameter within animal production, because they help improve the quality of the progeny and reach high levels. of productivity. The study of genes and the genetic-molecular characterization of species through the identification of sequences and genetic markers, as well as their correlation with said characteristics, has become a useful tool for marker-assisted selection, which allows choose specimens with high reproductive efficiency, at any stage of their development, accelerating the processes of genetic improvement. The existing relationships between genes and the reproductive traits of the bull have been little studied or the scientific advances to date are not known, for this reason a compilation of the investigations carried out to date was made, to identify the genes related to the reproductive efficiency of the bull. bull. It is estimated that 2000 genes are involved in spermatogenesis, most are expressed in the testis participating in the reproductive processes of the bull, as well as 65 genes expressed in embryos derived from high fertility bulls with a high conception rate. The most studied genes are GnRHR, growth hormone, CATSPER, protamine 1 and 2, TSPY, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), PARK2, GALNT13, CYCS, TFB2M, MEPCE, NDUFA1 and SFXN4.
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