Biomarcadores celulares e inmunológicos en la ostra del Pacífico Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) cultivada en un estuario tropical durante la temporada lluviosa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i0.3065Palavras-chave:
catalasa, crecimiento, estrés, fagocitosis, hemocitos, retención de rojo neutroResumo
Los estuarios tropicales han sido considerados ambientes excelentes para desarrollar cultivos de la ostra Crassostrea gigas; sin embargo, existen factores limitantes durante la temporada lluviosa que modulan cambios en las respuestas fisiológicas y celulares de las ostras, los cuales afectan su supervivencia. En este estudio, se evaluaron biomarcadores celulares e inmunológicos, crecimiento y supervivencia de C. gigas cultivada en suspensión en el estuario del Río Chone (Ecuador), desde diciembre 2019 a marzo 2020. Se registraron parámetros ambientales (pluviosidad, salinidad y temperatura), respuestas celulares-inmunológicas in vitro (viabilidad, número de hemocitos, fagocitosis y estabilidad de la membrana lisosomal) y actividad de catalasa en el fluido celómico. El promedio mensual de pluviosidad mostró incremento desde enero (78,8mm), alcanzando su valor máximo en febrero (174,8 mm), disminuyendo progresivamente en marzo (53,2 mm). La temperatura osciló entre 26 y 32°C, la salinidad descendió de 32 ups en diciembre a 10-14 ups en febrero y marzo respectivamente. Los organismos evaluados durante febrero y marzo mostraron una reducción entre 4-5% de la viabilidad de hemocitos circundantes, y más del 14% mostraban desestabilización de las membranas lisosomales. El número de fagocitos incrementó y la actividad de catalasa disminuyó durante estos meses. Las ostras mostraron una tasa de crecimiento diario baja (0,01 mm/día), y la supervivencia descendió a 64% (marzo). El sistema inmune-celular en ostras cultivadas es modulado por bajas salinidades e incremento de temperatura superficial del agua, lo que sugiere una relación directa con su crecimiento y supervivencia. Los biomarcadores celulares e inmunológicos estimados son propuestos como índices de condición fisiológica en C. gigas bajo cultivo.
Palabras clave: catalasa; crecimiento; estrés; fagocitosis; hemocitos; retención de rojo neutro.
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Referências
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Guo, X., He, Y., Zhang, L., Lelong, C. & Jouaux, A. (2015). Immune and stress responses in oysters with insights on adaptation. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 46(1), 107–119. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.05.018
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Hauton, C., Hawkins, L. E., & Hutchinson, S. (2001). Response of haemocyte lysosomes to bacterial inoculation in the oysters Ostrea edulis L. and Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) and the scallop Pecten maximus (L.). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 11(2), 143–153. doi:10.1006/fsim.2000.0301
Heilmayer, Olaf, Julian Digialleonardo, Lianfen Qian, and Guritno Roesijadi. 2008. “Stress Tolerance of a Subtropical Crassostrea Virginica Population to the Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 79(1):179–85. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2008.03.022.
Liu, X., & Wang, W.-X. (2016). Time changes in biomarker responses in two species of oyster transplanted into a metal contaminated estuary. Science of The Total Environment, 544, 281–290. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.120
Lodeiros, C., Rodríguez-Pesantes, D., Márquez, A., Revilla, J., Chávez-Villalba, J., & Sonnenholzner, S. (2018). Suspended cultivation of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Aquaculture International, 26(1), 337–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-017-0217-z
Lowe, D., Moore, M., & Evans. (1992). Contaminant impact on interactions of molecular probes with lysosomes in living hepatocytes from dab Limanda. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 91. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps091135
Matozzo, V., Monari, M., Foschi, J., Serrazanetti, G. P., Cattani, O. & Marin, M. G. (2007). Effects of salinity on the clam Chamelea gallina. Part I: alterations in immune responses. Marine Biology, 151(3), 1051–1058. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0543-6
Melo, E. M. C., Sühnel, S., Oliveira, A. C. S. de, Lopes, B. de O., Bachi, G. C., & De Melo, C. M. R. (2020). Growth, mortality and reproductive traits of diploid and triploid Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg, 1793) in Southern Brazil. Aquaculture Research, 51(9), 3631–3640. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14713
Mondol, M. R., Kim, C.-W., Kang, C.-K., Park, S. R., Noseworthy, R. G., & Choi, K.-S. (2016). Growth and reproduction of early grow-out hardened juvenile Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas in Gamakman Bay, off the south coast of Korea. Aquaculture, 463, 224–233. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.05.047
Monari, M., Matozzo V., Foschi J., Cattani O., Serrazanetti G. P. & Marin M. G.. 2007. Effects of high temperatures on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Chamelea gallina.” Fish & Shellfish Immunology 22(1):98–114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2006.03.016.
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Publicado
2021-09-01
Como Citar
Loján Avellán, M. C., Zapata Vívenes, E., Lodeiros Seijo, C., & Treviño, L. M. (2021). Biomarcadores celulares e inmunológicos en la ostra del Pacífico Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) cultivada en un estuario tropical durante la temporada lluviosa. La Técnica. Revista De Las Agrociencias. ISSN 2477-8982, 52–68. https://doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i0.3065
Edição
Seção
Acuicultura y Pesca
