Peer Review

The journal employs a peer review system in which all manuscripts are evaluated by external experts, both national and international, with no institutional affiliation to the publishing university. Each submitted text undergoes anonymous review by at least two independent specialists in the relevant field prior to publication.

Preliminary Evaluation

Before being submitted to peer review, manuscripts undergo an initial assessment by the Editorial Board, during which the following aspects are verified:

• The originality and unpublished nature of the work, using similarity detection and Artificial Intelligence tools (Compilatio).
• The thematic relevance to the journal’s objectives.
• Compliance with the formal and substantive requirements expected for a scientific publication.

Upon completion of this stage, authors are notified through the OJS platform whether their manuscript will proceed to review, be rejected for lack of relevance (with the possibility of suggesting submission to another journal within the consortium), or returned for necessary editorial corrections.

Type of Review

• Double-blind review: Used when the manuscript does not have published preliminary versions (preprints).
• Single-blind review: Used when the manuscript already has a published preliminary version.

Principles and Criteria for Manuscript Review

The journal ensures that the peer review process is rigorous, transparent, and impartial, grounded in ethical and scientific principles. All manuscripts are evaluated according to the following principles and criteria:

Fundamental Principles of the Evaluation Process

• Impartiality: All participants in the review process commit to respecting ethical values and the intellectual freedom of authors. No work is discriminated against or excluded for presenting negative or unexpected results, provided it meets the required scientific and methodological standards.
• Honesty: Evaluations are conducted with integrity, transparency, and objectivity. Reviewers’ decisions are based exclusively on the scientific quality of the manuscript, avoiding any form of bias.
• Confidentiality: The confidentiality of the content of the manuscripts, as well as the identity of authors and reviewers, is maintained both during and after the evaluation process.
• Originality: All manuscripts undergo a verification process using specialized similarity detection software (such as Compilatio), in order to guarantee their originality and prevent plagiarism.
• Assessment and Rejection: The acceptance or rejection of manuscripts is based on upholding scientific quality. Submissions must be original, relevant to the thematic lines of the journal, and must not show any indication of fraud or misconduct (such as data manipulation or duplicate publications).
• Retraction of Articles: If unreliability, serious errors, omission of essential sources or references, or any type of scientific fraud is detected, the journal will proceed to publicly retract the article, retaining the record alongside the official retraction notice.
• Conflict of Interest: Anyone with academic, professional, commercial, or personal ties to the authors must refrain from participating in the evaluation process, to preserve its integrity and transparency.

Review Decision

Decision	Description
Accepted	The manuscript meets the required scientific and editorial standards, needing at most minor adjustments as suggested by the reviewers.
Accepted with modifications	The manuscript is relevant to the journal but requires significant changes to meet the expected quality. Authors must implement the suggested modifications within the established timeframe.
Rejected	The manuscript does not meet the editorial quality criteria, either due to deficiencies in the abstract, objectives, methodology, results, discussion, conclusions, references, or because it does not align with the research lines of the journal. Rejection will be duly justified on technical and scientific grounds.