Efectos interactivos de algunos metales contaminantes y las variables ambientales en el desempeño de la ostra alada tropical Pteria colymbus (Mollusca: Bivalvia), en cultivo suspendido
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33936/at.v6i1.6435Palabras clave:
acuicultura, , bioacumulación, , ecotoxicología, , índice de condición, , Cadmio, , Cobre, , Magnesio, , ZincResumen
El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo evaluar el efecto interactivo entre la concentración de varios metales contaminantes (Zn, Cd, Mn y Cu) detectados en el tejido suave de la ostra alada Pteria colymbus y las variables ambientales ocurridas durante el periodo de cultivo. La cuantificación de los contaminantes se realizó mediante espectrofotometría de emisión óptica de plasma acoplado inductivamente. Los muestreos mensuales de las variables ambientales en la columna de agua incluyeron al material particulado total (TPM), fracciones orgánicas (POM) e inorgánicas (PIM), temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, clorofila a (Chl-a) e índice de surgencia (IS). Los resultados mostraron un orden decreciente en los niveles de Zn> Cd> Mn> Cu. El análisis de componentes principales mostró una relación significativa y directa entre el índice de surgencias y el Zn, Cd y Cu, e inversa y significativa con el Mn. Por otro lado, este análisis también mostró una relación inversa y significativa entre Zn, Cu y Cd con la temperatura (aguas frías), sugiriendo que probablemente la fuente de estos contaminantes no sería local y que depende más del transporte de masas de agua provocadas por la acción de la surgencia. Debido a los altos niveles de concentración del Zn y el cadmio, el consumo de P. colymbus no puede considerarse seguro de acuerdo con los límites tolerables de estos contaminantes, que excedieron los niveles permitidos. Sin embargo, el interés en el cultivo de los miembros de la familia Pteriidae no decae debido al gran beneficio que se obtiene de su potencialidad para producir perlas redondas y mabés.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Rafael Pinto, Enmary Ramírez, Maximiano Núñez, Mariela Narvaéz, Andrew W. Dale, Luis Felipe Freites Valbuena
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